OK, lets start with human contribution.
Human activities contribute to climate change by causing changes in Earth’s atmosphere in the amounts of greenhouse gases, aerosols (small particles), and cloudiness. The largest known contribution comes from the burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide gas to the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases and aerosols affect climate by altering incoming solar radiation and out-going infrared (thermal) radiation that are part of Earth’s energy balance. Changing the atmospheric abundance or properties of these gases and particles can lead to a warming or cooling of the climate system. Since the start of the industrial era (about 1750), the overall effect of human activities on climate has been a warming influence. The human impact on climate during this era greatly exceeds that due to known changes in natural processes, such as solar changes and volcanic eruptions.
Now, can we say much about climate based on one year of unusually high temperature anomaly? **NO** Only 10 years or so of high temperature anomaly could be attribute to change in climate. Describing climate based on 6 months of observation is stupid.
Favourite contrarian argument are there:
- plate tectonics,
- Milankovic cycles,
- Pacific Decadal Oscillation,
- solar irradiance,
- volcanoes,
Arctic Council, Impacts of a Warming Climate: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, Cambridge U. Press, Cambridge, 2004.
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